# mount -t cifs user@//192.168.1.1/SharedFolder /mnt/smb
MisNotasLinux_blog
Mi blog de notas sobre informática, linux y programación.
23 de agosto de 2023
20 de mayo de 2023
Solventar Error de Firmas con aptitude update
Cuando aparace un error de verificación de firmas públicas al actualizar los paquetes linux-mint con aptitude, como el ejemplo:
#aptitude update
...
...
Err https://repo.protonvpn.com/debian unstable InRelease
Las firmas siguientes no se pudieron verificar porque su clave pública no está disponible: NO_PUBKEY YourKeyHere
...
Solución:
#apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys YourKeyHere
Executing: /tmp/apt-key-gpghome.czzxh7ycXx/gpg.1.sh --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys YourKeyHere
gpg: clave YourKeyHere: clave pública "Proton Technologies AG <opensource@proton.me>" importada
gpg: Cantidad total procesada: 1
gpg: importadas: 1
Ref:
https://chat.openai.com
http://misnotaslinux.blogspot.com/2011/03/error-de-gpg-nopubkey.html
21 de marzo de 2023
Montar una imagen de tarjeta SD de rpi en linux
1) Descomprimir el fichero SDrpi.img.gz manteniendo el original:
# gzip -dk SDrpi.img.gz
2) ver estructura del fichero imagen:
# fdisk -l SDrpi.img
Unidades: sectores de 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Tamaño de sector (lógico/físico): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Tamaño de E/S (mínimo/óptimo): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Tipo de etiqueta de disco: dos
Identificador del disco: 0xb111a06d
Dispositivo Inicio Comienzo Final Sectores Tamaño Id Tipo
SDrpi.img1 8192 93814 85623 41,8M c W95 FAT32 (LBA)
SDrpi.img2 94208 62333951 62239744 29,7G 83 Linux
3) Montar la partición 2 en /mnt/tmp:
Calcular valor del offset:
# echo "512 * 94208" | bc
48234496
# mount -o loop,offset=48234496 SDrpi.img /mnt/tmp
4) Comprobar:
$ cd /mnt/tmp
$ ll
total 104K
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4,0K sep 11 2019 bin
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4,0K sep 7 2017 boot
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4,0K sep 7 2017 dev
drwxr-xr-x 123 root root 12K nov 6 2019 etc
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4,0K ene 8 2019 home
drwxr-xr-x 16 root root 4,0K feb 20 2019 lib
drwx------ 2 root root 16K sep 7 2017 lost+found
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4,0K sep 26 2017 media
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4,0K oct 24 2017 mnt
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4,0K feb 3 2019 opt
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4,0K jul 28 2017 proc
drwx------ 24 root root 4,0K nov 22 2019 root
drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4,0K sep 7 2017 run
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 12K oct 2 2019 sbin
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4,0K sep 7 2017 srv
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4,0K jul 28 2017 sys
drwxrwxrwt 8 root root 4,0K nov 22 2019 tmp
drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 4,0K sep 7 2017 usr
drwxr-xr-x 12 root root 4,0K oct 14 2017 var
Ok, ya tenemos accesible el sistema de archivos de la images de la tarjeta SD de raspberry pi, disponible para consultar o tomar los que necesitemos.
5) desmontar al terminar:
# sudo umount /mnt/tmp
8 de marzo de 2023
Rpi test SD card speed with hdparm
$ hdparm -tT /dev/mmcblk0
------------------------------------------------------------
@rpi4:~ $ sudo hdparm -tT /dev/sdd (16GB class 4 SD by USB reader)
/dev/sdd:
Timing cached reads: 1404 MB in 2.00 seconds = 702.06 MB/sec
Timing buffered disk reads: 58 MB in 3.05 seconds = 19.03 MB/sec
------------------------------------------------------------
@rpi4:~ $ sudo hdparm -tT /dev/mmcblk0 (128GB SD, class 10)
/dev/mmcblk0:
Timing cached reads: 1470 MB in 2.00 seconds = 735.12 MB/sec
Timing buffered disk reads: 128 MB in 3.02 seconds = 42.42 MB/sec
------------------------------------------------------------
@rpiap:~ $ sudo hdparm -tT /dev/mmcblk0 (16GB SD Class 10)
/dev/mmcblk0:
Timing cached reads: 874 MB in 2.00 seconds = 437.44 MB/sec
Timing buffered disk reads: 66 MB in 3.02 seconds = 21.86 MB/sec
------------------------------------------------------------
@rpi:~ $ sudo hdparm -tT /dev/mmcblk0 (32 GB SD class 10)
/dev/mmcblk0:
Timing cached reads: 410 MB in 2.01 seconds = 204.42 MB/sec
Timing buffered disk reads: 66 MB in 3.04 seconds = 21.70 MB/sec
------------------------------------------------------------
2 de marzo de 2023
Acivate event_scheduler in mariaDB
Protocol:
1) Edit mariadb config file:
# nano /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/50-server.cnf
include the line: "event_sheduler = on"
2) Restart mariadb service:
# service mariadb restart
3) Check if allright:
$ service mariadb status
Confirm that events are executed from now.
28 de febrero de 2023
How to Compile and Upload .ino file to Arduino board in Rpi Linux Shell
I have a system composed by RpiB+ and Arduino Uno board working together, monitoring parameters, triggering reles, storing data into MariaDB and presenting with apache2 webserver.
When I have to change arduino program I have to open vnc session, execute arduino-ide, edit sketch, compile and upload to arduino board !!, ... painful due limited resources o my old RpiB+.
Thus, can I compile and upload and .ino file from rpi linux shell ??
Yes, and very ease.
Protocol:
Install arduino, if not installed already:
# aptitude install arduino
Compile and upload Shell command:
$ arduino --upload yourfile.ino --port yourArduinoport
Example:
$ arduino --upload example.ino --port /dev/ttyACM0
Picked up JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS:
Cargando configuración...
Inicializando paquetes...
Preparando tarjetas...
Verficando...
...
El Sketch usa 16464 bytes (51%) del espacio de almacenamiento de programa. El máximo es 32256 bytes.
Las variables Globales usan 754 bytes (36%) de la memoria dinámica, dejando 1294 bytes para las variables locales. El máximo es 2048 bytes.
Subiendo...
...
I can also modify the .ino sketches with nano, compile and upload them to arduino from shell, without need any graphical environment.
27 de febrero de 2023
Overlay Rpi Firmware: disable Wifi, Bluetooth and easy Shutdown Button
Rpi's Firmware has many posibilities to configure changing /boot/config.txt file
Disable bluetooth:
Name: disable-bt | |
Info: Disable onboard Bluetooth on Pi 3B, 3B+, 3A+, 4B and Zero W, restoring | |
UART0/ttyAMA0 over GPIOs 14 & 15. | |
N.B. To disable the systemd service that initialises the modem so it | |
doesn't use the UART, use 'sudo systemctl disable hciuart'. | |
Load: dtoverlay=disable-bt | |
Params: <None> |
Disable wifi:
Name: disable-wifi | |
Info: Disable onboard WLAN on Pi 3B, 3B+, 3A+, 4B and Zero W. | |
Load: dtoverlay=disable-wifi | |
Params: <None> |
Safe shutdown button:
Clinton
Hey Shane,
No this won’t but if you wire the button to GPIO3 and adddtoverlay=gpio-shutdown
to /boot/config.txt it will give you a safe shutdown and start up again.
You can find out more about it in the overlay readme search for shutdown and you will find it.
@Josh Told me about this just after I finished writing the tutorial.
-----------------------------------------------------------
Tested in my Rpi4: NOT WORK !!!
other recipe:
Tentsing this:
Include in /boot/config.txt and reboot
dtoverlay=gpio-shutdown,gpio_pin=3
NOT WORK !!
seems that nt work with GPIO_3 = SCL
Changing to GPI #17
===================================================
Include into /boot/config.txt and reboot
dtoverlay=gpio-shutdown,gpio_pin=17
YES, it's WORKS, can shutdown rpi4 with switch from GPIO#17 -- GND
===================================================
Ref:
https://github.com/raspberrypi/firmware/blob/master/boot/overlays/README
26 de febrero de 2023
Linux shell Upgrade from RpiOS-10 buster to RpiOS-11 bullseye, fast recipe.
Protocol:
0 - Make rpi SD backup in other linux computer:
# dd if=/dev/mmcblk0 status=progress bs=5M | gzip -9 > rpi-sd-bck-$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S).img.gz
Distributor ID: Raspbian
Description: Raspbian GNU/Linux 10 (buster)
Release: 10
Codename: buster
deb http://raspbian.raspberrypi.org/raspbian/ bullseye main contrib non-free rpi
`+oooooooooooo: `+oooooooooooo: -------
/oooo++//ooooo: ooooo+//+ooooo. OS: Raspbian GNU/Linux 11 (bullseye) armv7l
`+ooooooo:-:oo- +o+::/ooooooo: Host: Raspberry Pi 4 Model B Rev 1.4
`:oooooooo+`` `.oooooooo+- Kernel: 5.10.103-v7l+
`:++ooo/. :+ooo+/.` Uptime: 13787B year
...` `.----.` ``.. Packages: 2098 (dpkg)
.::::-``:::::::::.`-:::-` Shell: bash 5.1.4
-:::-` .:::::::-` `-:::- Resolution: 3840x2160
`::. `.--.` `` `.---.``.::` Terminal: /dev/pts/0
.::::::::` -::::::::` ` CPU: BCM2711 (4) @ 1.500GHz
.::` .:::::::::- `::::::::::``::. Memory: 367MiB / 7847MiB
-:::` ::::::::::. ::::::::::.`:::-
:::: -::::::::. `-:::::::: ::::
-::- .-:::-.``....``.-::-. -::-
.. `` .::::::::. `..`..
-:::-` -::::::::::` .:::::`
:::::::` -::::::::::` :::::::.
.::::::: -::::::::. ::::::::
`-:::::` ..--.` ::::::.
`...` `...--..` `...`
.::::::::::
`.-::::-`
9 - Check all your Rpi system.
24 de febrero de 2023
Hacer funcionar arduino-IDE en Raspberry Pi B+ con OS 11 y Java 11
Me ha dejado de funcionar arduino-IDE en rpiB+ con Raspberry Pi OS 11.
Desde la consola aparece un error:
$ /usr/bin/arduino
Picked up JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS:
Error occurred during initialization of VM
Server VM is only supported on ARMv7+ VFP
De modo que parece que hay un problema con java
$ java -version
Error occurred during initialization of VM
Server VM is only supported on ARMv7+ VFP
Pues is, confirmado no funciona java.
El procesador de mi máquina es ARMv6:
$ cat /proc/cpuinfo
processor : 0
model name : ARMv6-compatible processor rev 7 (v6l)
BogoMIPS : 697.95
Features : half thumb fastmult vfp edsp java tls
CPU implementer : 0x41
CPU architecture: 7
CPU variant : 0x0
CPU part : 0xb76
CPU revision : 7
Hardware : BCM2835
Revision : 0010
Serial : 00000000ae3e152f
Model : Raspberry Pi Model B Plus Rev 1.2
Solución:
Si el procesador es ARMv6 hay que sustituir java:
$ cd /usr/lib/jvm
$ sudo wget https://cdn.azul.com/zulu-embedded/bin/zulu11.41.75-ca-jdk11.0.8-linux_aarch32hf.tar.gz
$ sudo tar -xzvf zulu11.41.75-ca-jdk11.0.8-linux_aarch32hf.tar.gz
$ sudo rm zulu11.41.75-ca-jdk11.0.8-linux_aarch32hf.tar.gz
Actualizar alternatives:
$ sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/java java /usr/lib/jvm/zulu11.41.75-ca-jdk11.0.8-linux_aarch32hf/bin/java 1 $ sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/javac javac /usr/lib/jvm/zulu11.41.75-ca-jdk11.0.8-linux_aarch32hf/bin/javac 1
Ahora seleccionar el nuevo java instalado:
$ sudo update-alternatives --config java
[revisa y selecciona la nueva version instalada, en mi caso es el 2 ]
$ sudo update-alternatives --config javac
Comprueba la nueva versión de java:
$ java -version openjdk version "11.0.8" 2020-07-14 LTS
OpenJDK Runtime Environment Zulu11.41+75-CA (build 11.0.8+10-LTS) OpenJDK Client VM Zulu11.41+75-CA (build 11.0.8+10-LTS, mixed mode)
Ok!!! parece que funciona.
Pruebo si funciona arduino IDE:
Ok! funciona.
12 de febrero de 2023
Rpi Gpio info from Console
$ pinout
For nice rpi console art:
$ pinout -m | head -n 13
$ pinout --c | head -n 13
Ref.: